Pinyon Jay – State Wildlife Action Plan

Pinyon Jay

Photo is needed for this SGCN.

The Pinyon Jay is a highly social corvid found in the interior western United States. Its overall blue coloration, relatively short tail, pointed bill, and lack of a crest distinguish it from other jay species. The Pinyon Jay is a medium-sized bird; males and females have similar plumage, though males typically have a slightly deeper blue crown, brighter overall coloration, and larger bibs. Females tend to be smaller than males, although their measurements overlap.

The Pinyon Jay is pale, dull blue overall, with a gray-streaked bib on the throat, chin, and upper breast. Adults display pale gray-blue plumage with a purplish-blue iridescent crown and a lighter blue malar area. The bill and legs are black, and the iris is chocolate brown. These birds are highly social, cooperative breeders and are typically seen in flocks, which in Oregon can include up to 20–30 non-breeding individuals.

Overview

  • Species Common Name Pinyon Jay
  • Species Scientific Name Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
  • Federal Listing Status Proposed
  • State Listing Status Sensitive (pending)

Ecoregions

Special needs

Habitat for Pinyon Jays in Oregon is unique compared to more southern portions of their range. They utilize ponderosa pine and juniper stands located near sufficient water sources. Cooperative breeding strategies and social group behavior are important aspects of the species’ ecology.

Limiting factors

Population declines have been recorded throughout the core of the Pinyon Jay’s range, though causes of declines are poorly understood and are varied across the range. Key threats include changes in extent and quality of habitat, vegetation management, and climate change. Juniper management may impact habitat and disruption of fire disturbance regimes may impact habitat suitability. Additional threats may include energy infrastructure availability and insect population declines.

Conservation actions

• Determine species range, demography, and genetic connectivity and diversity of Oregon population compared to elsewhere in the range.

• Maintain suitable sources of water in proximity to nesting habitat.

• Determine habitat needs of Pinyon Jays in Oregon to promote appropriate conservation actions.

Key reference or plan

Conservation Strategy for the Pinyon Jay. Read here

Defenders of Wildlife. Petition to List the Pinyon Jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) as Endangered or Threatened Under the Endangered Species Act. April 2022. Read here