Morrison Bumble Bee – State Wildlife Action Plan

Morrison Bumble Bee

Morrison bumble bee queens and workers are similar in coloration. The queen is 22 – 26 mm in length, the worker is 12 – 22 mm in length. Their hair is very short and even. The hair of the face is usually black, but the vertex (top of the head) is yellow. The hair on the top of the thorax is all yellow, without a black spot, or band between the wings. The hair on the thorax below the wings is predominantly black. The first two tergal (dorsal plate) segments on the abdomen are yellow with at least some yellow (centrally) on tergal segment 3. Tergal segment 4 has predominantly black hairs. The male is 15 – 20 mm in length. The hair on the head is predominantly yellow, with some black hairs mixed in – especially on the face. The hair on the top of the thorax is entirely yellow with black hairs below and behind the wings. The hair on the first to third tergal segments is yellow, and occasionally there are some yellow hairs on the fourth tergal segment. Tergal segments 5 – 7 are entirely black. The eyes of male B. morrisoni are greatly enlarged, much larger than any female bumble bee.

Overview

  • Species Common Name Morrison Bumble Bee
  • Species Scientific Name Bombus morrisoni

Ecoregions

    Special needs

    This species has been observed or collected from open dry scrub, shrubland, grassland, and dry coniferous forests. There is little information about the nesting biology of Morrison bumble bee but they are assumed to nest underground (e.g. in abandoned rodent burrows), or occasionally on the surface of the ground. Bombus morrisoni is a generalist forager and has been reported to visit a wide variety of flowering plants. In Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, the most frequent plant genera associations are: Securigera, Dipsacus, Lavandula, Lythrum, Melilotus, Monarda, Nepeta, Zauschneria, Zinnia, and Cirsium. Overwintering sites for hibernating queens include undisturbed soil and/or organic material to burrow under.

    Limiting factors

    Potentially threatened by drought, altered fire regimes, livestock grazing and associated habitat changes (e.g. altered hydrology, invasive plant species), and loss or fragmentation by agricultural conversion and urban development. Additionally, this bee’s habitat faces new and increased threats from energy development and mining. Insecticides, which are designed to kill insects directly, and herbicides, which can remove floral resources, both pose serious threats to bumble bees. Bumble bees may be more vulnerable to extinction than other species due to their unique system of reproduction.

    Conservation actions

    Monitor existing populations and habitat. Conduct targeted Bombus sp. surveys. Manage habitat to provide preferred host plant species. Protect new and known occupied sites.

    Key reference or plan

    Hamon, L., R. Hatfield, S. Jepsen, and S. Foltz Jordan. 2024. Interagency Special Status/Sensitive Species Program (ISSSSP) Species Fact Sheet: Bombus morrisoni. USDA Forest Service Region 6 and USDI Bureau of Land Management Oregon State Office. 27 pp.

    Killingsworth, S., E. May, R. Hatfield, and S. Jepsen. 2023. Petition to List Morrison bumble bee (Bombus morrisoni) as an Endangered Species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Read here