Pallid Bat – State Wildlife Action Plan

Pallid Bat

A pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) flying at night near Sulphur Springs, high-desert habitat, Washington. Photo Credit: Michael Durham, https://www.flickr.com/photos/oregonwild/

The pallid bat is a relatively large bat species found primarily in the southwestern United States and parts of Mexico. In Oregon, they are found east of the Cascades, though they are historically known to have occurred in the Willamette Valley. They are gregarious, often found roosting with social groups of 20 or more individuals.

The pallid bat is pale in color, with large ears, a pig-like snout, and a pararhinal gland on the face that produces a musky scent when disturbed. They have variable coloration, typically light brown on the head and body blending into white on their ventral side. Their large ears give them an exceptional sense of hearing used for echolocation and detecting prey. Pallid bats are ground gleaners, feeding on a variety of arthropods including large beetles, crickets, and scorpions. They are nocturnal and roost in a variety of locations, including caves, crevices, and abandoned buildings, often in small colonies.

Overview

  • Species Common Name Pallid Bat
  • Species Scientific Name Antrozous pallidus
  • Federal Listing Status Species of Concern
  • State Listing Status Sensitive

Ecoregions

    Special needs

    Pallid bats utilize dry, open habitats. Crevices in cliffs, caves, mines, or bridges (occasionally buildings) are used for day, night, and maternity roosts, and hibernacula. Grassland, shrub-steppe and dry forest ecotones near open water provide foraging habitat. Snags are used as day roosts in some areas. Pallid bats are gleaners that primarily feed on terrestrial arthropods. Prey items can include flightless arthropods such as crickets, grasshoppers, beetles, moths and scorpions. Compared to smaller bats, pallid bats fly slower and demonstrate less maneuverability; however, they can climb and crawl on the ground easily. This species is gregarious and often live in groups of over 20 individuals.

    Limiting factors

    Pallid bats are patchily distributed and have low reproductive rates. They are sensitive to disturbance at roosts. Loss of open, low-elevation, dry ecosystems (native grasslands, shrub-steppe, and open ponderosa pine woodlands) due to development, encroachment of young trees as a result of fire suppression, and invasive species, as well as loss of ponderosa pine snags, may be key limiting factors.

    Conservation actions

    • Use gates and seasonal closures to protect known roost sites during sensitive times (raising young and hibernation).
    • Maintain open-water sources in dry landscapes.
    • Manage rock features, such as cliffs, to avoid conflict with recreational use and rock removal.
    • Complete bridge replacement and maintenance when bats are absent.
    • Maintain large pine snags in shrub-steppe/forest ecotones.
    • Maintain and restore native grassland, shrub-steppe, and open ponderosa pine habitat.

    Key reference or plan

    North American Bat Monitoring Program in the Pacific NW. Read here